Strategy for MRI-guided BNCT

5. Strategy for MRI-guided BNCT

Author: Martin Kellert and Evamarie Hey-Hawkins

Gadolinium has attracted attention not only as an MRI contrast agent , but also as an alternative NCT agent due to the high neutron capture cross section of the ¹⁵⁷Gd isotope (~255,000 barn), which is around 66 times larger compared to that of ¹⁰B (~3800 barn). Thus, a combination of MRI and BNCT seems possible (MRI-guided BNCT). C-[N-(DOTAMA-C6)-carbamoylmethyl]-C′-palmitamidomethyl-o-carborane (1) was synthesized as dual boron/Gd amphiphile. Micelles were prepared by mixing with low density lipoproteins (LDL) , which are natural nanoparticles devoted to the transport of fats within the body through the blood stream. Delivery to mesothelioma cells was achieved with a therapeutic dose of boron (26 ppm). Tumor growth in treated mice showed a drastic reduction of about 80–85% 40 days after neutron irradiation.

Fig. 5 Molecular structure of the dual boron/Gd amphiphile 1

1. Basic Requirements of BNCT – BSH and BPA

2. Development of Small Boron-containing Molecules as BNCT Agents
         2.1. Amino Acid Derivatives
         2.2. Nucleic Acid Derivatives
         2.3. Boronated Porphyrins and Their Analogs
         2.4. Carbohydrates
         2.5. Peptides
         2.6. DNA- or Mitochondria-targeting Molecules

3. Boron Compounds Conjugated with Biomolecules
         3.1. Boron-conjugated Growth Factors
         3.2. Boron-Conjugated Antibodies
         3.3. Boron-conjugated Proteins

4. Boronated Polymers, Liposomes, and Other Nanoparticles as Boron-delivery Systems
         4.1. Boronated Polymers and Micelles
         4.2. Boronated Biopolymers
         4.3. Emulsions
         4.4. Liposomes
         4.5. Boronated Nanoparticles
         4.6. Boronated Nanotubes

5. Strategy for MRI-guided BNCT

5. Strategy for MRI-guided BNCT

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